Surgery

An operative procedure to remove cancerous tumors, while preserving the integrity of surrounding tissues. Depending upon the stage of the cancer, surgery may also be done to remove any affected surrounding lymph nodes. During surgery, regional lymph nodes (nodes near the primary tumor site) are removed and examined for the presence of cancer cells to determine if the cancer has metastasized (spread) to other regions.

As with all surgical procedures, the risks vary for each person depending on the type of cancer, location, stage and overall health of the individual. Discuss with your physician any inherent risks that may surround your particular procedure. Be sure to include any specific questions such as:

• How should I expect to feel following my surgery?
  
• How will my level of pain be monitored and controlled?
• Will I experience difficulty in eating, or need a modified diet for any length of time?
  
• Will there be any permanent changes or outward physical effects of my surgery?
  
• Will I need to see other medical practitioners and how will my care be coordinated?
  
• When can I expect to resume my routine activities?

Depending on each specific type of cancer, it may be necessary to combine surgical treatment with other adjuvant therapies such as radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. If your followup care includes radiation therapy, you will be referred to a radiation oncologist; if it includes chemotherapy, the practitioner overseeing your care will be a medical oncologist.

More information on Adjuvant Therapies:

• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy